PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

Mechanical engineering is the most important branch of the economy of any industrially developed state. By producing all kinds of equipment, machines, machines, devices, as well as goods for the population, mechanical engineering ensures the stability of the activities of the agro-industrial complex, the energy and metallurgical sectors, transport and other key sectors of the economy. Sustainable development and reliable functioning of mechanical engineering largely determine the energy and material intensity of the economy, labor productivity, the level of environmental safety of industrial production and, ultimately, the economic security of the country. This article reviewed the development of mechanical engineering in Kazakhstan. The authors considered the dynamics of production of machine-building products, highlighted the main sub-sectors of development, determined the role of machine-building products in foreign economic flows. The article pays special attention to identifying the most acute problems in the development of the industry. To date, there are systemic problems in the Kazakh machine-building industry related to the insufficient level of investment attractiveness of the industry, the low level of competitiveness of products in the domestic and foreign markets, and a shortage of qualified personnel. Today, the industry needs further effective and high-quality development. Kazakhstan faces common tasks to preserve and develop the potential of mechanical engineering and import substitution of the main mechanical engineering products.